A List of Words with C and S

Word lists in this material are intended for practicing spelling. The lists contain words with C and S representing the sound [s] before E, I, Y at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of words. Examples of words with SC, CC, XC, SS are also provided. For practicing spelling, the lists include simple, difficult, frequently used and rare words with C and S.

Списки слов в данном материале предназначены для тренировки написания. Списки содержат слова с C и S, передающими звук [s] перед E, I, Y в начале, середине и конце слов. Также даны примеры слов с SC, CC, XC, SS. Для тренировки написания, в списки включены простые, трудные, употребительные и редкие слова с C и S.

Предисловие: C и S

Согласные C и S, а также сочетание SC, произносятся [s] перед гласными E, I, Y и могут быть в одинаковом положении в слове. Например, в начале слова: cent, cite, cylinder – sent, site, symbol – scent, science, scythe.

Похожесть употребления C и S перед E, I, Y в начале, середине и конце слова делает весьма трудным изучение правописания слов с этими буквами. Сравните написание:

cease, seize, cereal, serial, since, rinse, absence, sense, cyst, system;

censor, sensor, census, consensus, consent, concert, council, counsel;

invincible, responsible, capacity, intensity, secrecy, courtesy.

Правописание слов с C и S лучше всего изучать вместе с изучением их значения и произношения и с применением имеющихся правил. Особо трудные похожие по написанию и звучанию слова можно выписать в две колонки для лучшего запоминания. Например: censor – sensor; cereal – serial; council – counsel; deceased – disease; pence – expense; divorce – verse, worse.

Изучающие английский язык чаще всего ошибочно пишут C вместо S, или S вместо C (перед E, I, Y) в простых и сложных часто употребляемых словах (например, absence, sense, seize, source, course, recent, council, responsible, university), поэтому будет очень полезно, если на основе списка ниже вы также сделаете себе список часто употребляемых слов с C и S.

Правила написания и чтения C и S и их сочетаний с другими буквами (например, CC, CH, SH, SCH, SS, XC), а также много примеров, можно найти в следующих материалах:

Раздел Writing: Spelling Patterns for Consonants, Adding Suffixes, Difficult Suffixes of Nouns and Adjectives, Double Consonants.

Раздел Phonetics: English Consonant Sounds, Practice for Consonants.

Примечание:

C произносится [k], а SC произносится [sk] перед гласными A, O, U и перед согласными L, R. Например: can, corn, cube, clean; scan, score, scuba, sclerosis, scream; discover, discuss, describe, incline, inclination, rescue; accord, occasion, occur, acclaim.

S как правило произносится [s] (send, sick, some, sun, sleep, ask, basis, consumer, lesson, sense, system) или [z] (easy, present, prison, rose, loses) в большинстве случаев перед гласными и согласными, а также может передавать звуки [sh] и [zh] (mission, vision); SH передаёт звук [sh] (shame, she, shine, show).

C [k] и S [z] обычно не вызывают больших затруднений. Если вы слышите [k], то это не может быть S на письме; если вы слышите [z], то это не может быть С на письме. Однако CC может передавать звуки [k] и [ks], а XC – звуки [ks] и [ksk]. (См. Буквосочетания CC, XC, SS в конце этого материала.)

C, S, SC перед E, I, Y в начале слова

C [s] перед E, I, Y в начале слова

celery, cease, cease-fire, ceaseless, cedar, cede, ceiling, celebrate, celebration,

celebrity, celery, celestial, celibacy, celibate, cell, cellar, cellophane, cellular, celluloid,

cellulose, Celsius, cement, cemetery, censor, censorship, censure, census, cent, centaur,

centenary, centennial, center (BrE centre), Centigrade, centimeter (BrE centimetre),

centipede, central, centrifugal, centrifuge, centurion, century, ceramics, cereal, cerebral,

ceremonial, ceremonious, ceremony, certain, certainly, certainty, certificate, certify,

certitude, cessation, cession, cesspit, cesspool;

cider, cicada, cigar, cigarette, cinch, cinder, cinema, cinematic, cinnamon, cipher,

circa, circle, circlet, circuit, circular, circulate, circulation, circumcise, circumference,

circumspect, circumspection, circumstance, circumstantial, circumvent, circumvention,

circus, cirrhosis, cirrus, cistern, citadel, cite, citation, citizen, citizenship, citric, citrus,

city, civic, civics, civil, civilian, civility, civilization, civilize;

cylinder, cyan, cyanide, cybernetics, cyborg, cyclamen, cycle, cyclic, cycling,

cyclist, cyclone, cygnet, cylinder, cylindrical, cymbal, cymbalist, cynic, cynical, cynicism,

cypress, Cyprus, Cyrillic, cyst, cystic, cytology, cytoplasm;

Примечание: Celtic ['seltik], ['keltik]; cello ['chelou]; Caesar ['si:zər].

S [s] перед E, I, Y в начале слова

seldom, sea, seal, sear, search, season, secede, secluded, second, secondary, secret,

secretary, section, secular, secure, security, sedan, sedate, sediment, see, seed, seek, seem,

seep, seethe, segment, segregation, seismic, seismology, seize, seizure, seldom, select, self,

self-sacrifice, sell, seller, semantics, semaphore, semblance, semester, semicolon, semifinal,

seminar, senate, senator, send, senile, senior, sensation, sense, sensitive, sensor, sensual,

sentence, sentimental, sentinel, sentry, separate, September, septic, sepsis, sequel, sequence,

serenade, serene, serf, sergeant, serial, series, serious, sermon, serpent, serum, servant, serve,

server, service, sesame, session, settle, seven, sever, several, severe;

signal, sibling, sick, sickle, side, siege, sieve, sift, sigh, sight, sign, signal, signature,

significance, significant, signify, silence, silent, silhouette, silicon, silo, silk, silly, silt, silver,

similar, simmer, simple, simplicity, simplification, simplify, sin, since, sincere, sine, sinecure,

sinew, sinewy, sing, singer, single, singular, sinister, sink, sinuous, sinus, sip, siphon, sir, siren,

sirloin, sister, sit, sitar, site, situated, situation, six, size, sizzle;

symbol, sybarite, sybaritic, sycamore, sycophancy, sycophant, syllable, syllabus,

symbol, symbolic, symbolize, symmetrical, symmetry, sympathetic, sympathize, sympathy,

symphony, symposium, symptom, symptomatic, synagogue, synchronize, synchronous,

syndicate, syndrome, synod, synonym, synonymous, synopsis, syntax, syntactic, synthesis,

synthesize, synthetic, syringe, syrup, system, systematic;

Примечание PS [s]: pseudonym, psyche, psychic, psychiatry, psychology, psychiatrist, psychologist, psychopath, psychosis, psychotic.

SC [s] перед E, I, Y в начале слова

scenario, scenarist, scene, scenery, scenic, scent, scented, scepter (BrE sceptre);

science, scientific, scientist, scintillate, scintillating, scintillation, scion, scissors; scythe.

Примечание: BrE sceptic ['skeptik]; AmE skeptic ['skeptik].

C, S, SC перед E, I, Y в середине слова

C [s] перед E, I, Y в середине слова

ancestor, acerb, acerbic, acerbity, acetic, acetate, acetone, acetylene, bicentenary,

bicentennial, biceps, cancel, cancellation, cancer, conceal, concede, conceit, conceive,

concentrate, concentration, concentric, concept, conception, concern, concerning, concert,

concession, deceased, deceit, deceive, December, deception, decent, decency, facet, facetious,

faucet, faeces, feces, forceps, grocer, groceries, grocery, imperceptible, incendiary, incense,

incentive, inception, incessant, incest, licence, license, mercenary, mercer, necessary, nicety,

parcel, perceive, perceptible, perception, perceptive, percent, percentage, pharmaceutical,

pincers, precede, precedence, precedent, preceding, precept, predecessor, princess,

procedure, proceed, process, processing, procession, recede, receipt, receive, recent,

receptacle, reception, recess, recession, secede, secession, sincere, sincerely, sincerity;

acid, acidify, acidity, coincide, coincidence, concise, council, criticize, criticise,

criticism, crucifixion, crucify, decibel, decide, decision, decisive, decimal, decipher, docile,

encircle, enunciate, explicit, facile, facilitate, facility, facing, fencing, forcible, genocide,

icicle, icing, illicit, implicit, incident, incinerate, incinerator, incipience, incipient, incise,

incision, incisive, incisor, incite, incitement, invincible, lucid, medicine, medicinal, participle,

pencil, penicillin, pharmacist, physicist, piercing, placid, porcelain, precinct, precipice,

precipitate, precipitation, precipitous, precise, precision, principal, principle, recite, recital,

reconcile, reducible, society, solicit, solicitor, specific, specify, specimen, stencil, suicide,

tacit, vacillate, vacillation, vicinity;

bicycle, encyclopedia, recycle, recycling.

CI [sh] перед суффиксами (существительные, глаголы): official, specialist, musician, physician, politician, suspicion, deficiency, efficiency, proficiency, sufficiency; species, glacier; appreciate, associate, depreciate, dissociate.

CI [sh] перед суффиксами (прилагательные): artificial, commercial, crucial, glacial, official, racial, social, special, ancient, deficient, efficient, proficient, sufficient, gracious, precious, spacious, specious, suspicious, vicious. Но здесь S: controversial, transient.

S [s] перед E, I, Y в середине слова

arsenal, arsenic, answer, bisect, bisector, bisectrix, consecutive, consensus, consent,

consequence, conservation, conservative, conserve, conservatory, counsel, insect,

insecticide, insert, insertion, loosen, morsel, nonsense, obsessed, obsession, obsessive,

persecute, persevere, perseverance, prosecute, prosecution, research, resell, reset,

tenseness, terseness, tinsel, unsealed, unselfish, upset, vivisection, worsen;

analysis, basin, basis, besides, consider, considerable, consideration, consign, consist,

consistent, cosine, crisis, cursive, diversify, diversity, expensive, falsification, falsify, inside,

insidious, insight, insinuate, insinuation, insipid, insist, insistence, insistent, intensification,

intensify, parsimonious, parsimony, pensive, persimmon, persist, persistence, persistent,

responsible, responsibility, sensible, sensibility, sensitive, sensitivity, thesis, university, varsity;

asylum, asymmetric, asymmetry, asymptomatic, asynchronous, asyntactic.

S [z]: design, desire, diesel, damsel, disease, easel, misery, observe, physics, position, present, president, raisin, resent, reserve, resign, resist, visible, visit.

SC [s] перед E, I, Y в середине слова

ascend, ascent, ascertain, ascetic, condescend, condescending, crescent,

descend, descendant, descent, discern, discernible, discerning, eviscerate,

miscellaneous, miscellany, obscene, obscenity, susceptible,

transcend, transcendental, transcendentalism, visceral;

acescent, acescence, acquiescence, acquiescent, adolescence, adolescent,

convalescence, convalescent, effervescent, evanescent, fluorescence, fluorescent,

iridescent, iridescence, luminescence, luminescent, nascence, nascent,

obsolescence, obsolescent, quiescence, quiescent, reminiscence, reminiscent;

disciple, discipline, fascinate, fascinating, fascism, fascist,

irascible, omniscience, omniscient, resuscitation, resuscitate;

SC [sh]: conscience, conscientious, conscious, luscious, unconscious; omniscience, omniscient.

C, S, SC перед E, I, Y в конце слова

CE [s] в конце слова

ace, advice, brace, choice, device, dice, embrace, face, fleece, grace,

ice, juice, lace, lice, mace, malice, menace, mice, nice, niece, office,

pace, peace, piece, place, police, price, race, rice, sauce, slice, sluice,

space, spice, surface, trace, truce, twice, vice, voice;

adduce, deduce, induce, introduce, produce, reduce, seduce;

advance, announce, balance, chance, commence, convince,

dance, enhance, fence, glance, hence, lance, mince, once, pence,

prance, prince, quince, romance, sconce, since, stance, trance;

divorce, enforce, fierce, force, pierce, scarce, source;

CE в суффиксах ANCE, ENCE, ICE: assistance, distance, resistance, nuisance; coincidence, essence, experience, magnificence, sequence, silence; avarice, cowardice, justice, malice, notice, practice, prejudice, service.

CY в суффиксах ACY, CY: accuracy, idiocy и др. (См. ниже: C, S, SC перед E, I, Y в суффиксах.)

SE [s] в конце слова

base, case, chase, close, concise, erase, grease, house, increase, lease,

loose, louse, moose, morose, mouse, obese, practise (v., BrE), precise,

premise, promise, purpose, release, tortoise, treatise, valise; hypotenuse;

else, false, pulse, collapse, eclipse, elapse, ellipse, glimpse, lapse, corpse;

dense, condense, dispense, expanse, expense, immense, incense, intense,

nonsense, response, rinse, sense, suspense, tense;

adverse, coarse, converse, course, curse, disperse, diverse, endorse, hoarse, horse,

perverse, purse, reimburse, remorse, reverse, terse, universe, verse, worse;

S [z]: bruise, choose, chose, close (v.), devise, dispose, ease, fuse, lens, lose, malaise, noise, phrase, please, praise, raise, refuse, rise, rose, tease, wise; advise, comprise, surprise.

S [z] в суффиксах ISE, YSE: advertise, chastise; BrE organise, analyse и др. (AmE organize, analyze). (См. Difficult Suffixes of Verbs и List of Verbs with Suffixes в разделе Writing.)

SCE [s] в конце слова: acquiesce, convalesce, fluoresce, reminisce.

Примечание: BrE, AmE

Обычно BrE: defence, offence, pretence; a licence, to license; practice (n.), to practise (v.), practised, practising.

Обычно AmE: defense, offense, pretense; a license, to license; practice (n.), to practice (v.), practiced, practicing.

BrE, AmE: defensive, offensive, pretension.

C, S, SC перед E, I, Y в суффиксах

В суффиксах ACY, CY, ANCY, ENCY всегда C; таких существительных много. В других примерах ниже, S или C – это последняя буква корня или основы перед суффиксами Y, ENT, ENCE, ER, IBLE, ITY, IVE. Чаще всего, затруднения вызывают C и S перед суффиксами Y и ITY.

Примечание: Некоторые S перед суффиксами в словах ниже произносятся [z], например, daisy, easy, rosy, present, adviser, browser и др.

ACY, CY: accuracy, adequacy, aristocracy, bankruptcy, bureaucracy, complicacy, conspiracy, delicacy, democracy, diplomacy, fancy, idiocy, intimacy, intricacy, legacy, literacy, lunacy, mercy, pharmacy, piracy, privacy, secrecy.

ANCY, ENCY: constancy, discrepancy, expectancy, pregnancy, occupancy, redundancy, vacancy; agency, complacency, consistency, currency, decency, deficiency, delinquency, efficiency, emergency, frequency, proficiency, recency, sufficiency, tendency, transparency.

S перед Y, существительные: controversy, courtesy, curtsy, daisy, ecstasy, fantasy, heresy, hypocrisy, idiosyncrasy, jealousy, leprosy, pansy, whimsy. Примечание: prophecy (сущ.), prophesy (глагол).

S перед Y, прилагательные: busy, clumsy, BrE cosy (AmE cozy), drowsy, easy, flimsy, greasy, noisy, nosy, queasy, rosy, tipsy.

С перед Y, прилагательные: icy, juicy, racy, saucy, spicy; fancy.

C перед ENT и ENCE: adjacent, complacent, decent, innocent, magnificent, recent, reticent, translucent; innocence, magnificence, reticence, translucence (translucency).

S перед ENT и ENCE: absent, present; absence, presence; essence.

SC перед ENT и ENCE: adolescent, adolescence, convalescent, convalescence, crescent, effervescent, effervescence, evanescent, evanescence, fluorescent, fluorescence, iridescent, iridescence, luminescent, luminescence, nascent, nascence, obsolescent, obsolescence, reminiscent, reminiscence.

C перед ER: announcer, dancer, grocer, officer, pacer, producer, saucer, silencer.

S перед ER: adviser, browser, chaser, dispenser, eraser, geyser, laser, purser.

С перед IBLE: invincible, deducible, reducible, reproducible.

SC перед IBLE: irascible.

S перед IBLE: accessible, admissible, expansible, extensible, feasible, ostensible, permissible, plausible, possible, sensible, responsible, reversible, visible.

С перед ITY: atrocity, audacity, authenticity, capacity, complicity, duplicity, eccentricity, electricity, ethnicity, felicity, ferocity, multiplicity, opacity, publicity, sagacity, scarcity, simplicity, velocity, vivacity.

S перед ITY: adversity, animosity, curiosity, density, diversity, falsity, generosity, grandiosity, intensity, monstrosity, necessity, obesity, perversity, pomposity, propensity, tensity, university, varsity, virtuosity.

C перед IVE: conducive.

S перед IVE: abusive, comprehensive, decisive, defensive, exclusive, expensive, extensive, evasive, impulsive, intensive, offensive, responsive; aggressive, excessive, impressive, massive, obsessive, passive, possessive, progressive.

Списки существительных и прилагательных, в которых также можно найти слова с C, S, SC перед суффиксами: List of Nouns with Suffixes, List of Derivative Adjectives.

Буквосочетания CC, XC, SS

CC [ks] перед E, I, Y

accede, accelerate, acceleration, accelerator, accent, accentuate,

accept, acceptable, acceptance, access, accessible, accession, accessory,

eccentric, eccentricity, succeed, success, successful, succession, successive, successor;

accident, accidental, flaccid, Occident, succinct, vaccinate, vaccination, vaccine;

coccyx, coccyges, coccygeal;

Примечание: soccer ['sokər].

CC [k] перед A, O, U, L, R

impeccable, impeccably, occasion, occasional, occasionally,

buccaneer, desiccate, moccasin, staccato, yucca;

accolade, accommodation, accommodate, accompany, accompaniment,

accomplice, accomplish, accomplished, accomplishment, accord, accordion,

according, accordingly, account, accountant, broccoli, sirocco, stucco, tobacco;

accumulate, accumulation, accuracy, accurate, accursed, accurst, accusation,

accusative, accuse, accusingly, accustom, accustomed, occult, occultism, occupy,

occupant, occupation, occupational, occur, occurrence, succulent, succumb;

acclaim, acclamation, acclimate, acclimatize, acclimatization;

accredit, accrete, accretion, accrual, accrue;

XC [ks] перед E, I, Y

exceed, exceeding, exceedingly, excel, excellent, excellence, excellency,

excelsior, except, exception, exceptional, excerpt, excess, excessive;

excise, excision, excite, excited, excitement, exciting;

XC [ksk] перед A, O, U, L, R

excavate, excavation, excavator, excoriate, excursion, excusable, excuse;

exclaim, exclamation, exclamatory, exclude, excluding, exclusive;

excrement, excrete, excretion, excruciate, excruciating, excruciation;

Буквосочетание SS [s]

abyss, abyssal (abysmal [z]), address, assembly, assent, assert, assertion, assertive,

assess, assessable, assessment, assessor, asset, assimilation, assist, assistance, assistant,

associate, association, assortment, assume, assumption, basset, bassinet, blossom,

canvass, caress, class, classic, classical, classify, compass, confess, congress, cross,

depress, depressive, digress, discuss, dismiss, dissipate, distress, embarrass, essence,

essential, excess, excessive, express, fuss, fussy, glassy, glossy, gossip, harass, impress,

issue, less, lessen, lesson, loss, mass, mattress, mess, message, messy, messenger, miss,

missile, moss, mousse, necessary, necessity, obsessive, opossum, oppressive, passage,

passive, pessimist, possess, possessive, possible, possum, press, progress, progressive,

recess, regress, stress, success, successive, successor, trespass, tresses, tussle, vessel;

actress, goddess, hostess, lioness, waitress; business, carelessness, fitness, politeness;

careless, endless, faceless, helpless, meaningless, powerless, worthless;

SS [z]: dessert, possess [pə'zes], scissors.

SS [sh]: assurance, assure, confession, fission, issue, mission, obsession, oppression, passion, pressure, profession, succession, tissue.

Одна S [s] на конце слова: atlas, bonus, bus, campus, canvas, caucus, chorus, focus, gas, humus, minus, plus, virus.