A List of Derivative Adjectives

Список производных прилагательных

The word list in this material contains derivative adjectives and is intended for practicing spelling. The list includes adjectives frequently used in ordinary speech and writing as well as adjectives used mostly in formal written English. Some rare and bookish adjectives are also included. Many of the adjectives in the list have complicated spelling and require regular spelling practice.

Список слов в этом материале содержит производные прилагательные и предназначен для тренировки написания. Список включает в себя прилагательные, часто употребляемые в обычной устной и письменной речи, а также прилагательные, употребляемые в основном в официальном письменном английском языке. Некоторые редкие и книжные прилагательные также включены. Многие прилагательные в списке имеют сложное написание и требуют регулярных упражнений.

The adjectives in the list are grouped according to the suffix they contain. Some negative adjectives (with the prefixes IN, UN, etc.) are also included in the list. Where there are variants of spelling, the more common variant indicated in various dictionaries has been chosen for this list. Adjectives are written according to American spelling norms. British variant of spelling is also indicated (if different).

Прилагательные в списке сгруппированы по суффиксу, который они содержат. Некоторые отрицательные прилагательные (с префиксами IN, UN и др.) также включены в список. Где есть варианты написания, более распространенный вариант, указанный в различных словарях, выбран для данного списка. Прилагательные написаны согласно американским правилам написания. Британский вариант написания также указан (если отличается).

It is necessary to study spelling together with pronunciation. Check the dictionary even in similar cases, as some adjectival suffixes may be pronounced differently depending on the preceding letter, on the stress, etc. Compare: righteous ['raichəs], beauteous ['byu:tiəs], precious ['preshəs], cautious ['ko:shəs], previous ['pri:viəs], glorious ['glo:riəs].

Необходимо изучать написание вместе с произношением. Проверяйте по словарю даже в похожих случаях, т.к. некоторые суффиксы прилагательных могут произноситься по-разному в зависимости от предыдущей буквы, от ударения и т.д. Сравните: righteous ['raichəs], beauteous ['byu:tiəs], precious ['preshəs], cautious ['ko:shəs], previous ['pri:viəs], glorious ['glo:riəs].

Helpful materials on spelling in the section Writing: Adding Suffixes; Difficult Suffixes of Nouns and Adjectives; Difficult Prefixes; British and American Spelling. Pronunciation and spelling of compound adjectives is described in Stress in Compound Words in the section Phonetics.

Полезные материалы по правописанию в разделе Writing: Adding Suffixes; Difficult Suffixes of Nouns and Adjectives; Difficult Prefixes; British and American Spelling. Произношение и написание сложных прилагательных описывается в материале "Stress in Compound Words" в разделе Phonetics.

Note:

The list below is intended for practicing spelling, and not for active use in speech and writing. Lists of commonly used adjectives and advice on how to study them can be found in Useful Adjectives Main List and How to Study Synonyms and Antonyms in the section Vocabulary and in BE with Adjectives Main List in the section Idioms.

Список ниже предназначен для тренировки написания, а не для активного употребления в устной и письменной речи. Списки употребительных прилагательных и советы, как их изучать, можно найти в материалах "Useful Adjectives Main List" и "How to Study Synonyms and Antonyms" в разделе Vocabulary и в материале "BE with Adjectives Main List" в разделе Idioms.

Adjectives with the suffixes ABLE, IBLE

ABLE

bearable, capable, countable, curable, eatable, flammable, laughable, liable, likable, lovable, movable, notable, palpable, portable, probable, suitable, taxable, tenable, touchable, usable;

admirable, amiable, amicable, applicable, arguable, charitable, comfortable, comparable, creditable, enviable, explicable, fashionable, formidable, hospitable, irritable;

favorable (AmE), favourable (BrE), honorable (AmE), honourable (BrE), miserable, measurable, pleasurable, perishable, punishable, practicable, venerable, vulnerable;

changeable, chargeable, knowledgeable, manageable, noticeable, navigable, palatable, preferable, profitable, questionable, reasonable, reputable, separable, sociable, valuable, variable;

acceptable, achievable, adorable, advisable, agreeable, allowable, assessable, attainable, available, commendable, dependable, desirable, reliable;

despicable, dispensable, disposable, enjoyable, excusable, expendable, impeccable, inflammable, predictable, redeemable, regrettable, remarkable, respectable;

abominable, appreciable, communicable, considerable, imaginable, impressionable, negotiable; interchangeable, understandable;

dishonorable, disreputable, immeasurable, improbable, inalienable, inapplicable, incapable, incurable, incomparable, inevitable, inexplicable, inhospitable, inoperable, insatiable, inscrutable, inseparable, invaluable, irreparable;

nonflammable, unbearable, uncomfortable, uncountable, unenviable, unfashionable, unfavorable, ungovernable, unmanageable, unmentionable, unpalatable, unreadable, unspeakable, unthinkable, unquestionable, unreasonable, unsociable, unsuitable, untouchable, unusable;

disagreeable, inadvisable, indispensable, inescapable, inexcusable, irredeemable, irreplaceable, irrevocable;

unacceptable, unachievable, unavailable, unavoidable, unbelievable, uncontrollable, undeniable, undesirable, unforgettable, unforgivable, unimaginable, unmistakable, unpredictable, unreliable, unremarkable, untenable.

IBLE

audible, credible, edible, fallible, feasible, flexible, horrible, legible, plausible, possible, sensible, tangible, terrible, visible;

eligible, negligible; intelligible; compatible, combustible, contemptible, convertible, perceptible, susceptible, suggestible;

accessible, admissible, permissible, expansible, extensible, invincible, irascible, ostensible, reducible, responsible, reversible;

illegible, implausible, impossible, inaudible, incredible, inedible, ineligible, infallible, inflexible, insensible, intangible, invisible;

imperceptible, inaccessible, inadmissible, incompatible, incorrigible, incorruptible, indivisible, inexhaustible, inexpressible, irrepressible, irresistible, irresponsible, irreversible;

unintelligible; incomprehensible.

Adjectives with the suffixes AL, IAL

AL

bridal, brutal, central, dental, dismal, equal, fatal, feudal, final, fiscal, formal, frugal, global, legal, regal, lethal, mental, neutral, rental;

local, loyal, royal, moral, mortal, nasal, naval, normal, oral, oval, postal, real, rural, thermal, total, tribal, verbal, vital, vocal; ideal;

capital, cardinal, corporal, criminal, cultural, digital, fictional, general, liberal, literal, minimal, national, natural, nominal, optional, orbital, ordinal, personal, principal, prodigal, rational, regional, structural, terminal;

additional, conditional, conventional, emotional, exceptional, intentional, occasional, professional, proportional, provisional, reciprocal, traditional, vocational; constitutional, institutional, international, occupational;

bilingual, colossal, eternal, external, internal, integral, nocturnal, maternal, paternal, parental, primeval, triumphal; abdominal, bilateral, electoral, original, phenomenal, medicinal, subliminal, maniacal, venereal;

accidental, incidental, dialectal, fundamental, instrumental, monumental, ornamental, horizontal, multilingual, multilateral, aboriginal, noncommittal, sentimental, suicidal, unilateral, universal; coincidental, experimental, temperamental; infinitesimal;

actual, annual, casual, dual, gradual, manual, mutual, punctual, ritual, sensual, sexual, usual, virtual, visual; continual, eventual, habitual, perpetual, residual, spiritual; individual, intellectual;

abnormal, disloyal, illegal, immoral, immortal, impersonal, informal, irrational;

unequal, unreal, unnatural, unusual; unconditional, unconventional, unemotional, unintentional, unprofessional; unconstitutional.

(Note nouns with "al": admiral, capital, criminal, manual, ritual, etc.)

IAL

aerial, cordial, cranial, crucial, facial, genial, jovial, martial, partial, racial, social, special, serial, trivial;

commercial, financial, judicial, official, provincial; artificial, beneficial, sacrificial, superficial; controversial;

essential, initial, potential, substantial; confidential, influential, preferential, presidential, residential;

celestial, centennial, colloquial, colonial, perennial, proverbial, primordial, remedial; ceremonial, matrimonial;

material, memorial, imperial, mercurial, pictorial, tutorial, terrestrial; editorial, equatorial, secretarial, territorial;

antisocial, immaterial, impartial, insubstantial, inessential, nonessential, unessential, unofficial.

(Note nouns with "ial": aerial, official, material, memorial, serial, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffixes AN, IAN

AN

African, Anglican, Balkan, German, Mexican, Roman, Texan;

Alaskan, American, European, Korean, Moroccan, Tibetan, Venezuelan;

certain, human, pagan, urban, puritan; suburban, republican;

cosmopolitan, metropolitan. Note: humane, urbane.

uncertain, inhuman. Note: inhumane.

(Note nouns with "an": human, pagan, republican, talisman, German, etc.)

IAN

Asian, Caspian, Persian, Christian, Belgian, Georgian, Indian, Martian, Persian, Russian;

Australian, Bostonian, Brazilian, Californian, Canadian, Egyptian, Hungarian, Iranian, Italian;

Norwegian, Olympian, Parisian, Peruvian, Scandinavian, Siberian, Ukrainian;

apian, avian, simian; amphibian, reptilian;

barbarian, bohemian, civilian, patrician, pedestrian, utopian; vegetarian; humanitarian, totalitarian.

(Note nouns with "ian": civilian, historian, musician, pedestrian, Italian, Russian, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffixes ANT, ENT

ANT

blatant, constant, distant, dormant, errant, flagrant, fragrant, gallant, instant, migrant, piquant, pleasant, poignant, pregnant, rampant, stagnant, vacant, vagrant, valiant;

adamant, arrogant, brilliant, dominant, elegant, hesitant, ignorant, militant, nonchalant, petulant, radiant, relevant, tolerant, vigilant;

abundant, assistant, expectant, important, indignant, malignant, observant, redundant, reluctant, resistant, resultant; compliant, defiant, triumphant;

extravagant, exuberant, luxuriant, predominant, protuberant, significant;

incessant, inelegant, insignificant, intolerant, irrelevant, unimportant, unpleasant.

(Note nouns with "ant": applicant, assistant, instant, migrant, variant, etc.)

ENT

absent, ardent, current, decent, fervent, fluent, frequent, latent, patent, potent, present, prudent, recent, silent, stringent, urgent, ancient, patient;

affluent, competent, confident, corpulent, decadent, different, diffident, eloquent, eminent, evident, excellent, fraudulent, imminent, impudent, lenient; self-confident;

indolent, innocent, insolent, diligent, negligent, opulent, permanent, prevalent, prominent, resident, reticent, reverent, subsequent, truculent, turbulent, vehement, violent;

intent, content; abhorrent, adjacent, apparent, complacent, component, consistent, delinquent, dependent, emergent, insistent, persistent, recurrent, resplendent, transparent, translucent;

convenient, deficient, efficient, sufficient, ambivalent, equivalent, belligerent, intelligent, magnificent, benevolent, malevolent, obedient, recipient;

adolescent, convalescent, effervescent, evanescent, fluorescent, iridescent, luminescent, intermittent, reminiscent;

impatient, imprudent, indecent, infrequent, incompetent, indifferent, impertinent, irreverent; inconsistent, independent; impotent;

disobedient, inconvenient, inefficient, insufficient, nonexistent, unintelligent.

Note spelling: assistant, resistant; consistent, insistent, persistent.

(Note nouns with "ent": accident, adolescent, component, current, patient, recipient, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffixes ARY, ORY, AR

ARY

contrary, primary; arbitrary, cautionary, customary, fragmentary, honorary, legendary, literary, military, missionary, momentary, monetary;

necessary, ordinary, sanitary, secondary, solitary, stationary, temporary, tributary, visionary, voluntary; disciplinary, veterinary;

exemplary, auxiliary, contemporary, extraordinary, hereditary, imaginary, precautionary, preliminary, reactionary, subsidiary;

complimentary, complementary, documentary, elementary, parliamentary, rudimentary, supplementary, revolutionary;

insanitary, involuntary, uncomplimentary, unnecessary.

(Note nouns with "ary": documentary, revolutionary, tributary, subsidiary, etc.)

ORY

cursory, sensory, desultory, mandatory, migratory, predatory, promissory; ambulatory, deprecatory;

accessory, advisory, compulsory, illusory, perfunctory, placatory;

accusatory, contributory, derogatory, exclamatory, explanatory, exploratory, inflammatory;

obligatory, preparatory, respiratory; articulatory, conciliatory; anticipatory;

contradictory, introductory, satisfactory, congratulatory, unsatisfactory.

(Note nouns with "ory": accessory, directory, laboratory, memory, territory, etc.)

AR

polar, solar, stellar, vulgar; angular, cellular, circular, globular, muscular, nuclear, popular, regular, secular, similar, singular, tabular, tubular;

corpuscular, familiar, molecular, particular, peculiar, spectacular, triangular, rectangular, vernacular;

dissimilar, irregular, unfamiliar, unpopular.

(Note nouns with "ar": beggar, cellar, circular, scholar, seminar, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffix ATE

private, accurate, adequate, delicate, duplicate, intricate, desperate, literate, moderate, separate, temperate;

animate, intimate, ultimate, fortunate, obstinate, passionate, graduate; innate, irate;

affectionate, appropriate, approximate, articulate, associate, commensurate, compassionate, considerate;

deliberate, elaborate, immediate, legitimate, postgraduate, proportionate, subordinate; intermediate;

dispassionate, illiterate, illegitimate, immaculate, immoderate, inaccurate, inadequate, inanimate, inordinate;

inappropriate, inarticulate, inconsiderate, indelicate, insubordinate, unfortunate.

(Note nouns with "ate": associate, chocolate, graduate, private, subordinate, etc.)

(Note verbs with "ate": to associate, estimate, graduate, separate, etc.)

(Note adjectives with "ite": definite, favorite, etc. See "ITE" in "Other suffixes of adjectives" at the end of this material.)

Adjectives with the suffix FUL

awful, bashful, faithful, fateful, forceful, graceful, grateful, hateful, hopeful, lawful, mournful, painful, playful, shameful, tasteful, thankful, thoughtful, trustful, wakeful, wasteful;

dreadful, fretful, fruitful, healthful, helpful, stressful, mindful, frightful, rightful, scornful, spiteful, sinful, skillful (AmE), skilful (BrE), willful (AmE), wilful (BrE), wishful, wistful, woeful;

boastful, careful, cheerful, direful, doubtful, fearful, gleeful, harmful, hurtful, joyful, needful, peaceful, rueful, sorrowful, tearful, tactful, truthful, useful, vengeful, watchful, wrathful, wrongful, youthful;

beautiful, bountiful, fanciful, dutiful, merciful, pitiful, plentiful, colorful (AmE), colourful (BrE), masterful, meaningful, powerful, wonderful, purposeful;

deceitful, delightful, disdainful, distressful, eventful, forgetful, neglectful, regretful, resentful, respectful, successful, remorseful, resourceful, reproachful;

distasteful, distrustful, mistrustful, unfaithful, unfruitful, ungrateful, unhelpful, unlawful, unmindful, untruthful; disrespectful, unsuccessful.

(Note nouns with "ful": handful, mouthful, spoonful, houseful, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffixes IC, ICAL

IC

academic, acoustic, acrobatic, aesthetic, agnostic, alcoholic, allergic, analytic (also analytical), anemic, angelic, apathetic, apocalyptic, apologetic, aquatic;

Arabic, archaic, aristocratic, arithmetic (also arithmetical), aromatic, athletic, atmospheric, atomic, authentic, autocratic, automatic, axiomatic;

barbaric, basic, bureaucratic, calligraphic, cataclysmic, catastrophic, caustic, ceramic, charismatic, choleric, chronic, civic, classic, claustrophobic, comic, concentric, conic (also conical), cosmetic, cosmic, cryptic, cubic, cyclic (also cyclical);

democratic, demographic, demonic, despotic, diabetic, diabolic (also diabolical), diagnostic, dialectic (also dialectical), didactic, diplomatic, dogmatic, domestic, dramatic, drastic, dynamic;

eccentric, eclectic, economic, ecstatic, egocentric, elastic, electric, electronic, emphatic, encyclopedic, energetic, enigmatic, enthusiastic, epic, epidemic, epileptic, episodic, erratic, esoteric, ethnic, exotic;

fanatic (also fanatical), fantastic, forensic, frantic, generic, gigantic, geologic (also geological), geometric (also geometrical), Gothic, graphic;

hectic, heroic, historic, hydraulic, hygienic, hyperbolic, hypnotic, hypodermic, iconic, idiomatic, idiotic, idyllic, intrinsic, ironic (also ironical), laconic, lethargic, lunatic, lyric;

magic, magnetic, majestic, melancholic, melodramatic, metallic, metric, microscopic, mnemonic, moronic, mystic, neurotic, nomadic, nostalgic, Olympic, optic, organic, oceanic;

panoramic, parasitic, pathetic, patriotic, patronymic, pedagogic (also pedagogical), pedantic, periodic, philanthropic, phlegmatic, phonemic, phonetic, photogenic, photographic;

plastic, platonic, pneumatic, poetic (also poetical), polemic (also polemical), pragmatic, prehistoric, problematic, prolific, prosaic, psychiatric, psychic, psychotic, public;

quadratic, romantic, rustic, sarcastic, sardonic, satanic, scenic, schematic, scholastic, scientific, semantic, septic, Slavic, sonic, specific, sporadic, static;

strategic, symbolic (also symbolical), sympathetic, symphonic, symptomatic, syntactic (also syntactical), synthetic, systematic;

telegraphic, telepathic, telescopic, terrific, titanic, tonic, topographic (also topographical), tragic, traumatic, volcanic;

asymmetric, inorganic, unenthusiastic, unhygienic.

(Note nouns with "ic": Arabic, classic, epic, lunatic, magic, public, etc.)

ICAL

aesthetical, allegorical, alphabetical (also alphabetic), analogical, anatomical, archaeological, astronomical, biblical, biographical, biological, botanical;

canonical, categorical, chemical, chronological, classical, clerical, clinical, comical, critical, cynical, diacritical, ecological, economical, electrical, elliptical (also elliptic), empirical, ethical;

geographical (also geographic), grammatical, heretical, historical, hypocritical, hypothetical, hysterical, identical, inimical, ideological, lackadaisical, lexical, logical, lyrical;

magical, mathematical, mechanical, medical, meteorological, methodical, musical, mystical, mythical, mythological, nonsensical, numerical, optical;

paradoxical, parenthetical (also parenthetic), pathological, periodical, pharmaceutical, philological, philosophical, phonological, physical, physiological, piratical, political, practical, psychological, puritanical;

quizzical, radical, rhetorical, rhythmical (also rhythmic), satirical (also satiric), skeptical (AmE), sceptical (BrE), spherical, stoical, symmetrical (also symmetric);

tactical, technical, technological, theatrical, theoretical, topical, tropical, typical, typographical (also typographic), tyrannical; vertical, umbilical, whimsical;

illogical, impractical, unpractical, unethical.

(Note nouns with "ical": chemical, musical, periodical, radical, etc.)

Note: IC and ICAL

The adjectives with IC and ICAL in the following pairs have similar and different meanings. Compare some of the differences.

(Прилагательные с IC и ICAL в следующих парах имеют похожие и разные значения. Сравните некоторые различия.)

classic example; classical music; comic actor; to look comical; economic situation; economical car; electric kettle; electrical engineer; historic moment; historical facts; optic nerve; optical instruments.

Adjectives with the suffixes ISTIC, ISTICAL

ISTIC

altruistic, antagonistic, artistic, atavistic, ballistic, capitalistic, characteristic, chauvinistic;

egoistic (also egoistical), egotistic (also egotistical), euphemistic, fatalistic, formalistic, futuristic, holistic;

humanistic, idealistic, imperialistic, impressionistic, individualistic, journalistic, linguistic, logistic (also logistical), materialistic, moralistic;

nationalistic, naturalistic, nihilistic, optimistic, pessimistic, puristic, realistic, ritualistic;

sadistic, simplistic, surrealistic; inartistic, uncharacteristic, unrealistic.

(Note nouns with "istic": characteristic, statistic, etc.)

(Note adjectives with "ist": capitalist, nationalist, etc. See "IST" in "Other suffixes of adjectives" at the end of this material.)

ISTICAL

egoistical, egotistical, logistical, statistical.

Adjectives with the suffix ISH

British, Danish, English, Finnish, Irish, Jewish, Polish, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish;

bookish, foolish, garish, lavish, peevish, prudish, selfish, sheepish, sluggish, snobbish, squeamish, stylish; unselfish;

clownish, fiendish, freakish, hellish, impish, largish, smallish, oldish, owlish, pettish, roguish, slavish, sweetish, waspish;

babyish, childish, boyish, girlish, mannish, womanish; devilish, feverish; nightmarish; coquettish;

blackish, bluish, brownish, grayish, greenish, pinkish, reddish, whitish, yellowish, darkish.

(Note nouns with "ish": anguish, English, fetish, relish, skirmish, varnish, etc.)

(Note verbs with "ish": to astonish, finish, punish, relish, vanish, varnish, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffix IVE

active, passive, massive, pensive, native, furtive, sportive; lucrative, narrative, negative, positive, primitive, relative, secretive, sensitive, talkative; decorative, figurative, qualitative, quantitative;

attentive, creative, collective, selective, deceptive, detective, directive, defective, effective, objective, subjective, perceptive, preventive, prospective, protective, respective, suggestive, supportive;

constructive, destructive, instructive, deductive, inductive, productive, seductive, attractive, contrastive, exhaustive, descriptive, prescriptive, distinctive, instinctive, restrictive, addictive, vindictive;

affirmative, alternative, appreciative, attributive, distributive, comparative, competitive, repetitive, consecutive, executive, conservative, diminutive, indicative, illustrative, imperative, informative, inquisitive, intuitive;

prohibitive, provocative, superlative; authoritative, commemorative, communicative, imaginative; argumentative, interrogative, representative, retrospective;

abrasive, abusive, adhesive, evasive, elusive, compulsive, impulsive, decisive, defensive, offensive, conclusive, exclusive, inclusive, expansive, expensive, explosive, extensive, intensive, obtrusive, persuasive, pervasive, responsive;

depressive, expressive, impressive, oppressive, obsessive, possessive, excessive, permissive, submissive, aggressive, progressive, regressive, reflexive; apprehensive, comprehensive;

impassive, inactive, inattentive, indecisive, ineffective, inexpensive, inexpressive, inoffensive, insensitive;

unattractive, unimaginative, unimpressive, unobtrusive, unproductive, unresponsive, irresponsive.

(Note nouns with "ive": alternative, detective, explosive, representative, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffix LESS

aimless, airless, artless, blameless, breathless, careless, fearless, hairless, tireless, faceless, faultless, flawless, lawless, nameless, painless, shameless, stainless, tailless, tasteless, weightless, worthless;

childless, lifeless, mindless, priceless, timeless; boundless, cloudless, countless, dauntless, guiltless, homeless, hopeless, jobless, noiseless, pointless, spotless, voiceless;

endless, headless, helpless, restless, selfless, senseless, listless, ceaseless, needless, speechless, harmless, heartless, tactless, thankless, thoughtless, fruitless, ruthless, toothless, useless;

limitless, meaningless, merciless, numberless, penniless, pitiless, bodiless, colorless (AmE), colourless (BrE), powerless, humorless (AmE), humourless (BrE), valueless; relentless, remorseless; expressionless.

Adjectives with the suffix LY

burly, comely, costly, deadly, friendly, ghastly, ghostly, godly, homely, kindly, likely, lively;

lonely, lovely, lowly, only, portly, seemly, shapely, sickly, sprightly, stately, surly, ugly;

earthly, heavenly, worldly; bodily, cowardly, elderly, masterly, miserly, orderly, scholarly, slovenly;

daily, hourly, monthly, nightly, quarterly, weekly, yearly; early, timely; easterly, northerly, southerly, westerly;

fatherly, motherly, brotherly, sisterly, manly, womanly, neighborly (AmE), neighbourly (BrE);

disorderly, unearthly, unfriendly, unkindly, unlikely, unmanly, unseemly, unsightly, untimely, unworldly.

(Note nouns with "ly": daily, weekly, monthly, etc.)

(Note adverbs with "ly": daily, weekly, early, kindly, only, etc.)

Adjectives with the suffix OUS (EOUS, IOUS, UOUS)

OUS

famous, jealous, zealous, grievous, nervous, lustrous, monstrous, pious, pompous, raucous, callous;

luminous, mountainous, ominous, poisonous, ravenous, ruinous, synchronous, villainous; blasphemous, posthumous, venomous, mischievous;

credulous, frivolous, marvelous (AmE), marvellous (BrE), perilous, populous, scandalous, scrupulous; hazardous, covetous, riotous;

amorous, boisterous, dangerous, generous, glamorous, humorous, ludicrous, murderous, numerous, onerous, rigorous, thunderous, torturous, treacherous, vigorous;

disastrous, enormous, horrendous, stupendous, tremendous; adventurous, cadaverous, carnivorous, herbivorous, omnivorous, preposterous, vociferous;

analogous, anomalous, autonomous, indigenous, magnanimous, meticulous, miraculous, monotonous;

anonymous, ridiculous, precipitous, synonymous, unanimous, ubiquitous, voluminous; ambidextrous, intravenous;

infamous, incredulous, unscrupulous.

EOUS

gorgeous, righteous; beauteous, bounteous, piteous, hideous, igneous, nauseous; self-righteous;

erroneous, sebaceous, spontaneous; courageous, outrageous, advantageous;

homogeneous, instantaneous, miscellaneous, simultaneous.

IOUS

anxious, cautious, conscious, gracious, luscious, noxious, precious, spacious, specious, vicious;

curious, furious, glorious, serious, various, copious, dubious, odious, studious, tedious, devious, envious, obvious, previous;

religious, contagious, prestigious, ambitious, fictitious, flirtatious, infectious, pretentious, tendentious; ostentatious, surreptitious, conscientious;

atrocious, audacious, capricious, delicious, fallacious, ferocious, malicious, officious, pernicious, precocious, self-conscious, suspicious, tenacious, voracious, obnoxious; avaricious;

delirious, gregarious, hilarious, illustrious, imperious, industrious, injurious, laborious, luxurious, mysterious, nefarious, notorious, precarious, victorious; multifarious;

amphibious, fastidious, ingenious, insidious, melodious, harmonious, impervious, oblivious, obsequious, rebellious; ceremonious, parsimonious;

unconscious, ungracious, unceremonious, unpretentious, unselfconscious.

UOUS

arduous, strenuous, tenuous, virtuous; ambiguous, conspicuous, contemptuous, contiguous, continuous;

impetuous, presumptuous, promiscuous, superfluous, tumultuous, voluptuous;

incongruous, inconspicuous, innocuous, unambiguous.

Participial adjectives with the suffixes ING, ED

ING

boring, charming, cunning, fitting, haunting, living, missing, piercing, pleasing, shocking, striking, thrilling, tiring, willing;

frightening, interesting, limiting, maddening, promising; devastating, fascinating, irritating;

amazing, amusing, annoying, appalling, appealing, confusing, convincing, depressing, disgusting, disturbing, exciting, existing, forbidding, increasing, preceding, surprising, surrounding;

astonishing, developing, embarrassing, excruciating; condescending, corresponding, disappointing, outstanding, overwhelming;

breathtaking, heartbreaking, law-abiding, easygoing, easy-going, good-looking, longstanding, painstaking, well-meaning;

displeasing, uninteresting, unwilling; unappealing, unconvincing, unexciting.

(Note nouns with "ing": ceiling, feeling, living, surrounding, etc.)

ED

bored, charmed, armed, damned, fixed, marked, pleased, shocked, skilled, tired, wrinkled;

crooked, cursed, learned, naked, ragged, sacred, wicked, wretched; crowded, worried;

balanced, cultured, frightened, frustrated, limited, spirited, talented, prejudiced, privileged, qualified; animated, educated, interested, irritated;

advanced, amused, annoyed, concerned, confused, depressed, disturbed, reserved, surprised;

accustomed, conceited, developed, distinguished, excited, experienced, sophisticated; disappointed;

bad-tempered, good-humored (AmE), good-humoured (BrE), good-natured, ill-natured;

absent-minded, old-fashioned, well-dressed, well-timed, wholehearted, whole-hearted;

disabled, disinterested, displeased, unarmed, unbalanced, uninterested, unlimited, unprejudiced, unqualified, unskilled;

inexperienced, unconcerned, undeveloped, undistinguished, unemployed, unexpected, unprecedented, unreserved.

Adjectives with the suffix Y

angry, catchy, crafty, dreamy, empty, faulty, funny, greedy, giddy, gloomy, grisly, grumpy, guilty, happy, hardy, hearty, hasty, healthy, heavy, haughty, holy, hungry, husky, jittery, jolly, jumpy, lofty, lucky, lusty, merry, mighty, moody; melancholy;

nasty, naughty, needy, paltry, petty, picky, ready, risky, shabby, shaky, silly, sleepy, sneaky, sorry, speedy, steady, stealthy, stingy, stony, sturdy, sulky, testy, thirsty, tidy, touchy, trashy, thrifty, tricky, trusty, wealthy, weary, witty, wordy, worthy; trustworthy;

busy, clumsy, cozy (AmE), cosy (BrE), crazy, dizzy, drowsy, easy, flimsy, fuzzy, lazy, noisy, nosy, queasy, rosy, sleazy; fancy, racy, saucy; fussy, glassy, glossy, messy;

curly, dainty, dirty, dusty, filthy, flabby, furry, pearly, pretty, prickly, rusty, sandy, scanty, scary, shiny, silky, silvery, skinny, slimy, soapy, sloppy, soggy, sticky, stuffy, sultry, sweaty, tiny, wavy;

creamy, crispy, crunchy, fruity, greasy, juicy, lumpy, milky, nutty, oily, powdery, puffy, salty, savory (AmE), savoury (BrE), spicy, sugary, syrupy, tasty, watery;

breezy, chilly, cloudy, foggy, smoggy, hazy, misty, frosty, icy, rainy, muddy, sunny, slippery, stormy, windy;

uneasy, unhappy, unhealthy, unholy, unlucky, unruly, unsavory (AmE), unsavoury (BrE), unsteady, untidy.

(Note nouns with "y": duty, envy, fury, ivy, luxury, mercy, treaty, etc.)

Other suffixes of adjectives

EN

alien, ashen, brazen, even, uneven, flaxen, golden, open;

silken, sudden, sullen, token, waxen, wooden, woolen.

Participial adjectives with EN:

beaten, brazen, broken, chosen, drunken, frozen, rotten, spoken, stricken, written;

forbidden, mistaken; grief-stricken, panic-stricken, poverty-stricken;

unbeaten, unbroken, unspoken, unwritten.

(Note nouns with "en": alien, heaven, token, children, kitten, specimen, etc.)

(Note verbs with "en": to deepen, fasten, lengthen, widen, etc.)

(Note past participles with "en": broken, chosen, spoken, taken, written, etc.)

ER, OR

Adjectives with ER: bitter, clever, dapper, eager, former, inner, neuter, outer, proper, sinister, sober, super, tender, upper, utter; improper; somber (AmE), sombre (BrE).

Adjectives with OR: junior, major, minor, prior, senior; anterior, exterior, interior, posterior, ulterior, inferior, superior.

(Note nouns with "er" and "or": driver, miner, doctor, horror, major, etc.)

(Note verbs with "er": to flicker, flutter, shiver, shudder, etc.)

(Note adjectives with "ere", "ire": severe, sincere, entire.)

(Note adjectives with "est": earnest, honest, modest.)

Note: Suffix ER in the comparative degree of adjectives: bigger, harder, smaller, larger, etc. Suffix EST in the superlative degree of adjectives: biggest, hardest, smallest, largest, etc. (See Degrees of Comparison in the section Miscellany.)

ERN

eastern, northern, southern, western, modern.

Note spelling: stern, stubborn, taciturn.

(Note nouns with "ern": pattern, tavern, lantern, stern.)

(Note verbs with "ern": govern.)

ESE

Burmese, Chinese, Japanese, Lebanese, Maltese, Portuguese, Siamese, Taiwanese, Vietnamese; journalese.

Note spelling: obese, these.

(Note nouns with "ese": Chinese, Japanese, journalese, manganese, etc.)

ID

acid, acrid, arid, avid, candid, fervid, flaccid, fluid, frigid, horrid, humid, languid, limpid, liquid, livid, lucid, lurid;

morbid, pallid, paranoid, placid, putrid, rabid, rancid, rapid, rigid, solid, sordid, squalid, splendid, stupid;

tepid, timid, torpid, torrid, turbid, valid, vapid, vivid; carotid, insipid, intrepid, invalid.

(Note nouns with "id": acid, carotid, liquid, etc.)

ILE

agile, docile, ductile, fertile, fragile, futile, hostile, imbecile, juvenile, missile;

mobile, senile, servile, sterile, tactile, infantile, versatile, virile, volatile; immobile.

(Note adjectives with "il": civil, evil, fossil, tranquil.)

(Note nouns with "ile" and "il": imbecile, missile, mobile, reptile, evil, devil, fossil, etc.)

INE

alkaline, aniline, aquiline, bovine, canine, crystalline, feline; divine;

pristine, feminine, masculine, genuine; marine, routine; clandestine.

(Note nouns with "ine": canine, feline, doctrine, routine, etc.)

(Note adjectives and nouns with "ene": obscene, serene; hygiene, kerosene, etc.)

IST

capitalist, chauvinist, communist, extremist, fascist, imperialist, nationalist, racist, socialist, surrealist.

(Note nouns with "ist": capitalist, chauvinist, communist, extremist, imperialist, journalist, materialist, etc.)

ITE

composite, opposite, exquisite, requisite, prerequisite; favorite (BrE: favourite);

definite, infinite; indefinite; erudite, finite; polite, impolite.

(Note nouns with "ite": appetite, dynamite, favorite, granite, hypocrite, requisite, etc.)

(Note adjectives with "ate": desperate, obstinate, etc. See "Adjectives with the suffix ATE" above.)

(Note adjectives with "it": explicit, illicit, implicit, tacit.)

(Note adjectives with "ete": complete, concrete, discrete, obsolete. Note spelling: discreet.)

LIKE

childlike, ghostlike, godlike, ladylike, sportsmanlike, workmanlike;

businesslike, homelike, lifelike, starlike, warlike; bell-like;

unladylike, unsportsmanlike.

SOME

awesome, burdensome, cumbersome, fulsome, gruesome, handsome, irksome;

loathsome, lonesome, mettlesome, quarrelsome, tiresome, troublesome;

wholesome, winsome; unwholesome.

TH, ETH

fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth;

thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth;

hundredth; thousandth; millionth;

twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth.

(Note nouns with "th": depth, filth, growth, length, width, etc.)

WARD

backward, downward, forward, inward, onward, outward, rearward, upward;

eastward, northward, southward, westward; homeward, seaward; awkward; straightforward.

(Note adverbs with "ward" (wards): backward(s), forward, eastward(s), etc.)